Slaves were most often beaten for working too slowly, stealing, running away, and disobeying owners or overseers. and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and What was the name of the ship that brought the slaves to America? This transcription lists the names of those largest slaveholders in the County, the The schooner Clotilda, under the command of Captain William Foster and carrying a cargo of 124 Africans, arrived in Mobile Bay, Alabama, in July 1860. She is also a strong advocate for equal opportunity, and she works tirelessly to ensure that all students have access to quality education regardless of their socioeconomic status or race. The lake is named for an escaped slave from Mississippi who, according to legend, discovered the isolated body of water in the late 1840s. [These figures do not consider the affect of any County boundary changes that may have The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. Since the U.S. government was not in effective control of many of these territories until later in the war, many of these slaves proclaimed to be free by the Emancipation Proclamation were still held in servitude until those areas came back under Union control. The Clotilda made headlines in January 2018 when researchers announced they may have discovered its remains. the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. Unable to return to Africa after emancipation on June 19, 1865aka Juneteenththey left records and gave interviews about who they were and where they came from that survive today. Migration increased after the end of the Creek War in 1814. Kirkwood Plantation Home. Surname matching of See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. indexes almost always do not include the slave census. Clarke County Alabama History Clarke County was established on December 10, 1812 by the Mississippi Territory. Permission to excerpt, transcribe and post the historical content, in correlation with Doll's Genealogy Site, was granted by the The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, April 2001. and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and Such incidents were exceptional, however. And when they were interviewed, their wish was for the interviewers to give their African names, their original names, so that if the story could ever go to Africa, their families would know that they were still alive.. Name index and images of slave schedules listing slave owners and only age, gender and color data of the slaves in cesus states or territories in 1850. The term County is used to describe the main Est., John F. Johnston for, 62 Slaves, Page 269, COLEMAN, Daniel Est., W. R. Christopher for, 78 Slaves, Page 272B, HOUSTON, G. S., Athens Ala., 65 Slaves, Page 254, JONES, P.? This is a high-level category and should not have individual profiles added to it. Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society When the Civil war began, the town of Huntsville had 1,980 white residents and almost an equal number of Black residents: 1,654 slaves and 85 free. Taken from The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography, this collection is the most complete available picture of the African-American slavery experience. Download 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. Slavery was officially abolished in the United States, following the end of the US Civil War by the Thirteenth Amendment which took effect on December 18, 1865. (41%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 who were enumerated with the same surname. enumerated by County in 1860 and included 393,975 named persons holding 3,950,546 unnamed In the midst of Jim Crow, segregation, and reconstruction, they built a free society controlled and run by Africans., I think that what this particular story is about is really the unity of the people who were on the ship, Diouf says. This transcription includes 68 slaveholders who held 27 or more slaves in Clarke County, accounting for 3,190 slaves, or about 43% of the County total. occurred.] The collection contains over 20,000 pages of type-scripted interviews with more than 3,500 former slaves collected over a ten year period. Available online at Ancestry.com, FamilySearch.org, and HeritageQuest.com Census records are basic building blocks for everyones research. Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War . Linkpendium! the white population of Limestone County had increased almost 8% to 7,774, while the colored This Following the holder list is a separate list of the should not be a difficult research task, but it is beyond the scope of this transcription. (41%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 The musician Questlove is descended from survivors of the ship, and when he discovered this on the genealogy show Finding Your Roots, historian Henry Louis Gates, Jr., told him, You hit the jackpot.. Though they later determined the vessel theyd found wasnt the Clotilda, the event sparked renewed interest in finding the ship. Autauga County Alabama Slave Owners Slaves deeded from George Anderson to son William Anderson - Jun 1831 Slaves sold by William Anderson to various - Feb 1836 Will [Aug 1840] and Appraisement of Estate of Nicholas Zeigler - Mar 1841 Barbour County Alabama Slave Owners Slave owned by J. R. Upshaw in the records of Liberty Baptist Church - Sep 1846 Alabama was admitted as the 22nd state on December 14, 1819. ], 92 Slaves, Page 253, YARBROUGH, John N.?, 39 Slaves, Page 266B. previous stamped number and a B being used to designate the pages without a stamped number. have still been living in the same State or County. [6][7], The Alabama Fever land rush was underway when the state was admitted to the Union, with settlers and land speculators pouring into the state to take advantage of fertile land suitable for cotton cultivation. on the "Add your favorite Website(s) to this page" link. This transcription Well over 90 percent of enslaved Africans were imported into the Caribbean and South America. Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have Home > USA > Alabama > Clarke County > Census Records and Indexes. of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. Where In Mississippi Should You Not Live? Plantation names were not shown on the census. MOBILE, Ala. ( WALA) -19-year-old Xavier Dixon didn't say a word while being escorted to metro jail after a murder in broad daylight. This is a category for those who held slaves in this county. Its the best documented story of the entire slave trade, not only to the U.S., but to the Americas, says historian Sylviane A. Diouf, author of Dreams of Africa in Alabama: The Slave Ship Clotilda and the Story of the Last Africans Brought to America. The 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery, was ratified in 1865. Census data on African Americans in the 1870 census was obtained using Heritage Quests CD It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. family tree, surname, vital records, biography, or otherwise The majority of slave children were raised by their mothers andto a lesser extenttheir fathers. See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. Besides the various slave narratives . the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. Clarke County, Alabama Obituaries and Death Notices Unknown, NANCY (slave) A Mobile paper announces the death, at the age of 100 years, at a Major Austin's, in Clark county, Ala., of Nancy, a slave raised in Delaware, by the father-in-law of Mr. Curtis, step-son of Gen. Washington, who waited upon her young mistress when married. Contract labor systems were put into place in southern states that forced freed blacks to work in jobs that they could not legally quit, left them permanently in debt, and which often involved violent physical punishment by white property owners. PURPOSE. United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, 1930 United States Census on Internet Archive), National Archives Official 1940 Census Website, U. S. National Archives & Records Administration). widely and from region to region. film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering The Clotildasailed to a West African port now located in the country of Benin. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Wealthy planters generally had multiple domestic servants, whose duties ranged from cooking and cleaning to driving carriages, serving meals, and nursing children. number of slaves they held and the first census page on which they were listed. Please, add your favorite Website(s) to this page! Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War. Kaden Parker in Barbour County, lived in a log cabin with his mother, father and seven siblings. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Lawrence County, Alabama, in 1860, is either non-existent or not readily available. Some of these former slaves may have African American Genealogy records are much more difficult to find due to the scant nature of record keeping for blacks prior to the Civil War. What State Has Most Songs Written About It? 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1 % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 http://www.heritagequest.com/ . This transcription includes 21 slaveholders who held 40 or more slaves in Clarke County, accounting for 1,473 slaves, or 29% of the County total. Dallas, Montgomery There are several plantation homes in Alabama that have survived for nearly 200 years and Ive listed 10 of them below. and indication of any handicaps, such as deaf or blind Slaves 100 years of age or older were But the timeline fits with what we know of the origins of the slave trade. What county in Alabama had the most slaves? Appraisement and Inventory of Slaves in Wills, Macon County AL. the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. The outcome of the American Civil War ended slavery in Alabama. American Cross Race Genealogy Research This was the first time that slave infomation was captured as a separate schedule. for colored persons from Limestone County, included the following: Georgia, up 80,000 to numbered pages were reported as in Division 2. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. Given this systematic erasure, the story of the Clotilda, the last slave ship to reach the U.S., occupies a profoundly unique place in the history of the transatlantic slave trade. freed Alabama slaves go if they did not stay in Alabama? (Credit: Ben Raines/Al.com via AP), Even though slavery was still legal in 1860, the international slave trade was not, and hadnt been since 1808. The rest of the slaves in the County were held by a 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. There is simply no other historical document quite like it. Census data on African Americans in the 1870 census was obtained using Heritage Quests CD wikimedia commons. methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film Many more slaves were brought to Alabama by slave traders, such as those operating in Mobile and Montgomery, where the state's largest slave auction houses were located. There were roughly 110 African children, teenagers, and young adults on board the Clotilda when it arrived in Alabama in 1860, just one year before the Civil War. In Alabama, Meaher sold some of the Africans, but divided up most between himself, his two brothers and the ships captainnone of whom were ever convicted for their crimes. SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. GulfQuest Museum hosts exhibit exploring transatlantic slave . total of 600 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. When you find a useful new resource, go to the right Linkpendium page and click enumerated, out of a total of 3,950,546 slaves nationwide. We have modeled this center much like we have for Native Americans, whose research can also be hampered by the available records. 1850 Slave Schedules Clarke County (Source: Explore Ancestry for free) ($) Clarke County, Alabama 1860 slaveholders and 1870 African Americans (Source: Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870) United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850 Clarke County (Source: FamilySearch) The story of the Clotilda and the people who built Africatown. related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in the source or at Only about 6 percent of African captives were sent directly to British North America. "Indian Slavery in Colonial Georgia. An aerial photo taken Tuesday, January 2, 2018, in Mobile, Alabama, of what was thought to be the Clotilda, the last slave ship documented to have delivered captive Africans to the United States. personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. Antonia Leonard is an education expert who has dedicated her life to helping students achieve their academic goals. Owners also used other forms of punishment such as withholding food, restricting travel, or selling off relatives as a means of controlling slaves whom they deemed troublesome. Profiles are placed in this category with this text [[Category:Clarke County, Alabama, Slave Owners]] . See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. The county had numerous forts, built by settlers for protection during the Creek War (1813-1814). Perhaps no other resource approaches the range of human experience found in AccessGenealogy.coms Slave Narratives. occurred.] Wealth was still concentrated in the hands of wealthy white plantation owners, who the newly freed black citizens were now completely reliant upon for survival. Category: Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery, Slaves of William Armistead, Clarke County, Alabama. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. African-Americans in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census, available through Heritage Quest at Categories: Alabama, Slave Owners | Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery. The Macon County Alabama Slave Narratives were excerpted from "Shadow of the Plantation" by Charles S. Johnson. Smith said the truck belonged to a Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin. In his interview with Zora Neale Hurston, Lewis recalls explaining to Meaher that the Clotilda Africans had land and property back home, but now had nothing. January 19, 2022 by Donna R Causey. County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. The largest numbers of slaves were held in bondage in counties located in either the Tennessee River Valley or the, Alabama gained statehood during a period when. A mural of the Clotilda adorns a concrete embankment in Africatown, a community near Mobile founded by Africans illegally transported to Alabama aboard the slave ship. [4][5] Within 20 years of becoming a state, Alabama was the largest cotton producer in the US, producing 23% of the nation's cotton crop. BINFORD, H. A., Abel Childress for, 41 Slaves, Page 270, BRIDGFORTH, James W., 39 Slaves, Page 275, COLEMAN, D. The District of Selma for the Freedmen's Bureau contain records for Bibb, Dallas, Perry, and Wilcox counties in Alabama. Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :) family history, slaves, or about 47% of the County total. The schooner Clotilda smuggled African captives into the U.S. in 1860, more than 50 years after importing slaves was outlawed. Categories: Alabama History | United States of America, Slavery | Alabama. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES. Home Mississippi State University How Did Slaves Get To Alabama? Sometimes slaves used fire to destroy a plantation's outbuildings or the harvested cotton crop. The majority of slaves in Alabama, however, labored on modest farms, and the typical Alabama slaveholder owned fewer than five slaves. 73086 Washington DC 20056-3086 In 1861 Alabama seceded from the Union and joined the Confederate States of America, which established its first capital in Montgomery. What Is The Oldest School In Mississippi? If their parents were married, they would take their fathers surname. was listed as having 28,884 whites, about a four fold increase, but the 1960 total of 7,620 African American Research, Part 1 Slaves were punished by whipping, shackling, hanging, beating, burning, mutilation, branding, rape, and imprisonment. PLANTATION NAMES. This database provides a more poignant picture of what it was to live as a slave in the American South. SURNAME MATCHES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS: (exact surname spellings only are reported, no spelling variations or soundex), (SURNAME, # in US, in State, in County, born in State, born and living in State, born in State Baine, Rodney M. 1995. Slave Narratives This is a category for those who held slaves in this county. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. What was the largest plantation in Alabama? colored population during that time, and were therefore more likely possible places of relocation Where did microfilm series M653, Roll 31) reportedly includes a total of 8,085 slaves. As the Clotilda survivors made a new home for themselves in Alabama, they continued to hope theyd see their families again one day. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. African-Americans in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census, available through Heritage Quest at. used are the rubber stamped numbers in the upper right corner of every set of two pages, with the Nonetheless, the 1852 Alabama Slave Code made the voluntary manslaughter of a white person by a slave a capital offense. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Limestone County, Alabama (NARA SURNAME MATCHES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Clarke County, Mississippi (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 596) reportedly includes a total of 5,076 slaves. Paraphrasing Marcus Garvey, Battles reflects, If you dont know your history, youre just like a tree without no roots.. The links below provide an accurate reflection of what African American genealogy is available online. PURPOSE. Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with S. & 2 others, 74 Slaves, Page 238B, LOCKHART, James P., 49 H. B., 44 Slaves, Page 230, MALONE, J. H., Athens Ala., 65 Slaves, Page 260B, MAPLES, Malcolm G.?, 75 Slaves, Page 273B, MARTINDALE, Elizabeth, 40 Slaves, Page 265, MASON, John R., A. M. Weatherford for, 134 Slaves, Page 275, MATHEWS, L., Madison City Ala., 62 Slaves, Page 258, MATHEWS, L.?, Madison City Ala., 98 Slaves, Page 259B, MEMPHIS & CHARLESTON R. R., owners various & unknown, 36 Slaves, Page 240, MOORE, S. H., Charles H. Patton in trust for, 112 Slaves, Page 246, PEEBLES, R. B., in trust for 2 minors, 80 Slaves, Page 250B, PEETE, Samueal, Madison City Ala., 45 Slaves, Page 258B, RICE, John, Mary P. Rice in trust for, 94 Slaves, Page 247, TOURISEM?, Brice? document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Enter your email address to subscribe to this website and receive notifications of new posts by email. Start with the 1940 Census and work your way backwards. This page was last modified 08:37, 11 May 2021. This page has been accessed 1,498 times. Negroeswas about 6% less than what the colored population had been 100 years before.). African-American Civil War Soldiers & Sailors, 1850 Lawrence County, Alabama Slave Census, 1870 Federal Census, Black Households, Perry County, Register of Slaves Brought into Perry County, 1832, Marriage Records Index Colored Wilcox County 1873-1877, A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z, Ocmulgee Church (Baptist) Black and Slave Members, 1850 Federal Census, Mortality Schedule, Lowndes County, Your email address will not be published. Parker's slaves "were. The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :) family history, methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film But their story is also the story of all the Africans who arrived through the slave trade We see the unity, the strong bond between the people who were on slave ships, and the link also to their families back home that was never broken in peoples mind.. 18, The Fugitive Slave Law, and its Victims, Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society, Marriage Records Index Colored Wilcox County, The History of Butler County, Alabama, from 1815 to 1885, A history of Bullock County, Alabama, 1866-1906, 1859-60 City Directory of Montgomery Alabama, Bethel Baptist Cemetery Records, Jones, Alabama, Online African American Books at AccessGenealogy. The actual number of slaveholders may be This page has been accessed 638 times. Originally named Kossula, he was only 19 years old when members of the Dahomean kingdom captured him and brought him to the coast for sale. not realize that ancestor was also listed as a slaveholder on the slave schedules, because published colored population during that time, and were therefore more likely possible places of relocation Antonia is a gifted educator, and she is widely respected within the education community. Americans were enumerated as free in 1860, with about half of those living in the southern States. The transcriber did not notice any In the agricultural industry, this most often took the form of a contract labor system known as sharecropping where black farmers rented land from white landowners and paid with their labor and crops. [8][9] Part of the frontier in the 1820s and 1830s, its constitution provided for universal suffrage for white men. Before presuming an African American was a was obtained from the Historical United States Census Data Browser, which is a very detailed, Hal's Lake lies deep in Clarke County, near the community of Carlton, just north of where the Tombigbee and Alabama rivers converge. SOURCES. Following the patenting of the cotton gin (in 1793), the War of 1812, and the defeat and expulsion of the Creek Nation in the 1810s, European-American settlement in Alabama was intensified, as was the presence of slavery on newly established plantations in the territory. Dallas, Montgomery Linkpendium! The family was a fundamental survival mechanism that helped slaves cope with the horrors of their circumstances. Huntsville, Alabama served as temporary capital from 1819 to 1820, when the seat of government moved to Cahaba in Dallas County. This is a high-level category and should not have individual profiles added to it. It all happened at the 61Ninety West apartments just before . I tookee good keer my slaves and derefo I doan owe dem nothin.. of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. Though the census schedules speak in terms of slave owners, the PLEASE HELP! such slaves named in this county. slaveholders with 1870 African Americans is intended merely as suggesting another possibility for (In almost all cases the slaves are listed only by gender, age, and color, not by name.) Ethridge, Robbie Franklyn, and Sheri Marie Shuck-Hall. WIKITREE HOME | ABOUT | G2G FORUM | HELP | SEARCH. 2009. List of plantations in Alabama. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. transcription was made from the Ancestry on line images of the microfilm. A man looking at a gravestone for Cudjo Lewis in the cemetery at the Africa Town Welcome Center. When the Civil war began, the town of Huntsville had 1,980 white residents and almost an equal number of Black residents: 1,654 slaves and 85 free. Meaher didnt provide them with passage back to Africa, and they soon realized that they wouldnt be able to earn the money for their passage themselves. Estimates of the number of former slaves who used the surname of a former owner in 1870, vary County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. Negroeswas about 6% less than what the colored population had been 100 years before.) The 1860 U.S. Census was the last U.S. census showing slaves and There were. The 1852 Alabama Slave Code urged slaveholders to keep slave families together during sales whenever possible and to avoid separating children under the age of five from their mothers. States that saw significant increases in Enslaved workers also performed numerous domestic chores on both small farms and large plantations. Mobile businessman Timothy Meaher organized the Clotilda voyage after making a bet that he could, as he put it, bring a shipful of n*****s right into Mobile Bay under the officers noses.. transcriber has chosen to use the term slaveholder rather than slave owner, so that questions 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 Today, it exists as the historic site Africatown in Mobile, Alabama, where many Clotilda descendants still live. The process of About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material Common acts of daily resistance included faking illness, breaking tools, and. Indexed data and browse are available for the following: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland . Slave Narratives from the Federal Writer' Project, 1936-38, By the antebellum period, Alabama had evolved into a slave society, which is characterized by the proliferation and defense of the institution that shaped much of the state's economy, politics, and culture. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. Africans carried to North America, including the Caribbean, left mainly from West Africa. (6,400%). Between 1860 and 1870, FORMAT. Sharecroppers often lived and worked in the same cotton plantations their enslaved ancestors had toiled upon. Category: United States of America, Slavery, Autauga County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Baldwin County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Barbour County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Benton County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Blount County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Bullock County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Butler County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Calhoun County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Chambers County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Cherokee County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Chilton County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Choctaw County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Cleburne County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Coffee County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Colbert County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Conecuh County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Cotaco County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Covington County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Crenshaw County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Cullman County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Dallas County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), DeKalb County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Elmore County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Escambia County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Etowah County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Fayette County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Franklin County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Geneva County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Greene County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Houston County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Jackson County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Jefferson County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Lauderdale County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Lawrence County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Limestone County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 1, 0), Lowndes County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Madison County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Marengo County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Marion County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Marshall County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Mobile County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Monroe County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Montgomery County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Morgan County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Pickens County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Randolph County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Russell County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Shelby County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), St. Clair County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Sumter County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Talladega County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Tallapoosa County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Walker County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Washington County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Wilcox County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Winston County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Perry County Alabama to Union Parish Louisiana 2, Slaves and their owners in Dallas County Alabama. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Alabama that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. One of the most notable was Fort Sinquefield. Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list Clarke County Sherriff Dewayne Smith said a man was found burned in his truck on a small dirt road outside of Lower Peach Tree. about 1 in 70 being a slaveholder. Profiles are placed in this category with this text [[Category:Alabama, Slavery]] . Compared to their white counterparts, slave families had more mother-headed households and were less patriarchal, and their typical lack of status and property undermined expressions of male authority. population decreased about 10% to 7,253. PATRON + A former slave became the first millionaire of color in Jefferson County, Alabama. Although many owners ignored the statute, its passage reflected the increasing value that some legislators placed upon maintaining families among the enslaved. Many owners and overseers physically beat slaves with instruments such as whips and cat o'nine tails. personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. (function(){var js = "window['__CF$cv$params']={r:'78b7e7ab4ecead3f',m:'uvdcd5yibVx0kns0ZBzReCjsdUSTAKHf9LjYAnEujII-1674050930-0-AdJ6levGSlv1vZFkOQ639W3km6SvAZ5Z4KLRemjvtVNgU+5pIIELojsyBwmvUgyllFpMiUZ+Kt1Cnj14xUSnAji1+KQB0ijEMVCy0E2Mk5lgrhovMRGcJiEanfZ3yaKobU5kuF79rBOKwoXrRjge1ZTTKUPDaVw4oLQa/PvPqCUj',s:[0x447ce953aa,0x99abbf795e],u:'/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g'};var now=Date.now()/1000,offset=14400,ts=''+(Math.floor(now)-Math.floor(now%offset)),_cpo=document.createElement('script');_cpo.nonce='',_cpo.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/scripts/alpha/invisible.js?ts='+ts,document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(_cpo);";var _0xh = document.createElement('iframe');_0xh.height = 1;_0xh.width = 1;_0xh.style.position = 'absolute';_0xh.style.top = 0;_0xh.style.left = 0;_0xh.style.border = 'none';_0xh.style.visibility = 'hidden';document.body.appendChild(_0xh);function handler() {var _0xi = _0xh.contentDocument || _0xh.contentWindow.document;if (_0xi) {var _0xj = _0xi.createElement('script');_0xj.nonce = '';_0xj.innerHTML = js;_0xi.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(_0xj);}}if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {handler();} else if (window.addEventListener) {document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', handler);} else {var prev = document.onreadystatechange || function () {};document.onreadystatechange = function (e) {prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})(); RootsWeb is funded and supported by Many of these settlers, who owned slaves before their move to Alabama, came in search of cheap, productive land on which to grow cotton. out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the U.S. Where Is The Best City To Meet Single Men? MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Limestone slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. Lewis was one of about 30 Clotilda survivors forced to work for James Meaher for the next five years. He was born and studied medicine in Pennsylvania, but moved to Natchez District, Mississippi Territory in 1808 and became the wealthiest cotton planter and the second-largest slave owner in the United States with over 2,200 slaves. Henry Ossian Flipper, The Colored Cadet at West Point, History of the Black Soldiers in the Spanish American War, Anti-Slavery Tracts No. After 148 years, Mississippi finally ratifies 13th Amendment, which banned slavery. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. Pinson in Jefferson County, Alabama about. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! acres. She has worked in schools all over the world, and has developed groundbreaking curricula that have helped countless students excel. names to locate ancestors can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been Many black laborers refused to continue working the plantations, and chose to migrate to southern urban areas in large numbers.[13][15]. transcriber has chosen to use the term slaveholder rather than slave owner, so that questions population decreased about 10% to 7,253. slightly lower because some large holders held slaves in more than one County and would have How Safe Is Mississippi State University? This page and its subpages contain 246 links. These developments have brought more attention to Clotilda survivors as well as to African Town, the community they built for themselves in Alabama. According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Limestone The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Clarke County, Alabama (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 28) reportedly includes a total of 7,436 slaves. changed through the years and because the sizeable number of large farms must have resulted in Slave families also lacked the institutional and legal rights and protections of white families. Female slaves also endured sexual abuse committed upon them by white men, including acts of rape and molestation. Alabama became a part of the Mississippi Territory in 1798 after Indian cessions in north Alabama. Recent speculation about the location of the ship has brought national attention to issues in Africatown, such as its lawsuit against an industrial plant for generating cancer-causing pollution. They hoed potatoes and tobacco, but Rev. Racially Using plantation Census data for 1860 There were roughly 110 African children, teenagers, and young adults on board the Clotilda when it arrived in Alabama in 1860, just one year before the Civil War. In Alabama in 1860 there were 482 farms of 1,000 acres the white population of Limestone County had increased almost 8% to 7,774, while the colored Alabama freedpeople welcomed emancipation but endured continuing hardships because of the prevailing and pervasive racial prejudices of the state's white inhabitants. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. been counted in each County. By the 1870 census, [13][10] Cotton made up over half of US exports at the time, and southern plantations produced three-fourths of the global cotton supply.[14]. further research by those seeking to make connections between slaves and holders. Though an 1807 law banned the trans-Atlantic slave trade to the United States as of 1 January 1808, slaves could still be bought and sold (and transported) within the country. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main Genealogical techniques used to track slave families before the Civil War are necessarily quite different than those used for white or free African Americans. The racist ideology that had once excused the actions of the state's slaveholders survived the Civil War and emancipation and carried over into the post-bellum era to support an array of Jim Crow laws that trampled upon the civil liberties of African Americans until they were overturned during the, 1819-1838: Early Statehood and Indian Removal. But in particular, it would be important for the Africatown community. Those bonds, however, did not change the fact that a slave was considered property. The page numbers advanced research techniques involving all obtainable records of the holder. Following the end of the war during the Reconstruction era, freed slaves were technically allowed to leave the plantations they had been enslaved on, but they mostly were without land, jobs, or money. The Global Slavery Index (2018) estimated that roughly 40.3 million individuals are currently caught in modern slavery, with 71% of those being female, and 1 in 4 being children. 1870, so that could be where some of these Alabama freed slaves went. Hancock County, which was in existence for a very short time should be categorized under Winston County. Chas Parker, a slave to Rev. Most people in Madison County did not want to secede from the rest of the United States, however, a majority of Alabama counties voted to secede. Some owners also undermined parental roles regarding familial affection, discipline, and, No slave rebellions took place in Alabama; most acts of resistance took a more passive or clandestine form. Read More. Please, add your favorite Website(s) to this page! subdivisions of the State by which the census was enumerated. P. O. Twice a week we compile our most fascinating features and deliver them straight to you. includes 61 slaveholders who held 35 or more slaves in Limestone County, accounting for 3,824 If found, the Clotilda would be the only ship from the U.S. slave trade ever recovered. Who brought the first Africans to Alabama? How Long Does A Typical College Course Take To Complete? ", Plantation complexes in the Southern United States, "Old Cahawba, Alabama's first state capital, 1820 to 1826", "Alabama's population: 1800 to the modern era", "The Birth of Jim Crow in Alabama 1865-1896", "Sharecropping and Tenant Farming in Alabama", Alabama Department of Archives and History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_slavery_in_Alabama&oldid=1128842893, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 December 2022, at 07:22. You should use the same slave schedules to search for slave owners in Wilcox County AL. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | COVID-19, 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA family tree, surname, vital records, biography, or otherwise Why Did Mississippi Ratify The 13Th Amendment In 1995? Thats something you have control over, Berry said. Embed <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/1860-slave-census-schedule-from-monroe-county-alabama/"><img src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/1860-census.jpg?w=640"></a> Join To Live : https://www.youtube.com/redirect?q=https://bit.ly/3WFccXXLive Game : Blacksher Vs. Clarke County - Girls Basketball Alabama 1/17/2023The Clark. Given this systematic erasure, the story of the Clotilda, the last slave ship to reach the U.S., occupies a profoundly unique place in the history of the transatlantic slave trade. This collection of interviews stands in contrast to other slave narratives that appear in most literature anthologies which were written by the rare few who, against staggering odds, had become literate. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World. slave on the 1860 census, the free census for 1860 should be checked, as almost 11% of African Most people in Madison County did not want to secede from the rest of the United States, however, a majority of Alabama counties voted to secede. The average slave sold for a few hundred dollars, whereas men between the ages of 17 and 35 who could work in the fields often sold for more than a $1,000. 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. The capture and sale of enslaved Africans Most of the Africans who were enslaved were captured in battles or were kidnapped, though some were sold into slavery for debt or as punishment. For most black Americans descended from enslaved Africans, theres no way of tracing back where their ancestors came from. The last U.S. census slave schedules were Devoted to finding and developing more resources for those of us researching American cross-racial family history and/or ancestors who were or may have been of mixed-race ancestry. This transcription includes 61 slaveholders who held 35 or more slaves in Limestone County, accounting for 3,824 slaves, or about 47% of the County total. Its extremely difficult to connect the freed black Americans first named on the 1870 census to their enslaved ancestorsa problem known as the 1870 Brick Wall. Slavery had been theoretically abolished by President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation which proclaimed, in 1863, that only slaves located in territories that were in rebellion from the United States were free. . Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. After the Clotildas voyage to Africa, Meaher burned the ship in the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta to destroy the evidence of the illegal journey. Sumer or Sumeria is still thought to be the birthplace of slavery, which grew out of Sumer into Greece and other parts of ancient Mesopotamia. Andrew Jackson Beard An Inventor (1849-1921) "Andrew Jackson Beard was born a slave on a plantation near Mt. Surrounded by cane brake, it was an ideal place to live undetected. The captives were marched to the coast, often enduring long journeys of weeks or even months, shackled to one another. M., W. H. Hargrove for, 55 Slaves, Page 276B, WATKINS, R. J., Solon Hamlit? Most of the settlers came from the nearby states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, attracted by the prospect of fertile land for cotton in the Tennessee Valley and Black Belt region. They were saying that they knew that their families in Africa had been looking for them, Diouf says. Slavery Records Slavery News Obituary of NANCY, a slave (1859) HOME Genealogy Trails 2023 2023 Alabama's antebellum-era slave codes were replaced by a postbellum social and legal system of separating citizens on the basis of race that remained intact through the mid-twentieth century. genealogically-related site on the Internet. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held is (Credit: Jeffrey Greenberg/UIG via Getty Images), They decided that if you wont send us home, well build Africa here in Alabama, says Robert Battles, Sr., former executive director of the Historic Africatown Welcome Center. 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 Court Records Free Reference and Directory), Clarke County, Alabama, Circuit Court case files, 1811-1902, Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870), United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, Alabama Wills and Probate Records, 1753-1999, Clarke County, Alabama, estate case files, 1810-1915, Histopolis Collaborative Genealogy & History), Cyndi's List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet), Bureau of Land Management, General Land Office), U.S. General Land Office Records, 1796-1907, Clarke County Alabama Genealogical Network, Clarke County Alabama history, culture and life, USGS Geographic Names Information System), Abstracts of marriages, deeds, court records, tract books and orphans court minutes, Genealogical Publishing Company and Clearfield Company), Alabama Civil War and Reconstruction Newspapers, Alabama Department of Archives & History), American Memory from the Library of Congress), Clarke County, Alabama, poll tax record book, 1897-1914, Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project), mindat.org - the mineral and locality database). 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